Brainstorming is a great way to mobilize the creative talents of a group to generate ideas. Tom Arnold, Managing Partner, Summit Media Partners LLC, has found a few rules that work well.

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Improve your brainstorming sessions

Sometimes leadership means mobilizing the creative talents of a group to generate ideas. Brainstorming is a great way to do that.

I've done a lot of brainstorming sessions and have found a few rules that work well. I use a pretty structured process that yields good results. When working on a difficult problem and searching for a lot of good ideas in a short time, it's very effective.

It's all about creative thinking. It's important to remember that brainstorming is a creative, not a critical or analytical process. These rules are designed to encourage creativity. Postpone criticism and analysis, because they tend to stifle creativity.

Set rules in advance

Even though it may seem like a free-for-all, a good brainstorming session isn't. Agree on your rules before you start. Keep it simple. There's no way to bring a group back if no rules have been agreed upon.

Write down a clear objective

Start with a clear statement of the topic or goal. Are you brainstorming about ways to solve a problem? (e.g. "Ways to increase community reporting in our northwest region with existing resources") Or perhaps you're trying to generate story ideas for a new section. Be clear. You can't bring the group back to the topic if it's not stated. Write it on a white board or flip chart where everyone in the group can see it.

Quantity

The desired result is a lot of ideas, and some valuable ideas. It's really sort of a numbers game. If you get a lot of creative ideas, some will have merit. This requires that you have subsequent steps to process the many ideas generated. I tend to use a formal sequence of tools with the group after brainstorming. You can do this many ways, but evaluating ideas is not part of the brainstorming.

Facilitation

Designating someone to facilitate the process can help. This gives one person the authority and responsibility to keep the group on track. Remember that the role is to facilitate the process - make it easier - not to manage it.

No Criticism

The thing that I've found most disturbs the creative process in brainstorming is criticism, so there's one rule I use: During the brainstorming itself there is no criticism of ideas. It's o.k. to ask for clarification of an idea, because it helps to know what somebody meant by a brief suggestion. But don't let that wander off into "how would we do that?" or "but wouldn't that be a problem if..."

Participation

You need ideas from the whole group. If you don't think this is true, you've got the wrong group in the room and you're wasting someone's time. So encourage everyone to participate.

Silent Brainstorming

Some people are reluctant to speak up. I often start a brainstorming session with two minutes of silent brainstorming. Each person writes down as many ideas as possible in two minutes, related to the topic, until the facilitator says "stop". Then each person, in turn, reads their ideas. During this time the others may think of more ideas based on what they 've heard. If so, write them down, don't shout them out . Let everyone speak their ideas in turn at this phase.

Open brainstorming

After silent brainstorming I shift into a different approach. As each person has an idea, they say it out loud and write it on a post-it note and sticks it on the wall. Using bold markers makes the notes easier to read from a distance.

Don't build the whole solution

Especially with problem solving sessions, this is important. When someone comes up with an idea it is appropriate to ask for a brief clarification, if necessary, to make sure it's understood. That's not the same as following all the implications of the idea. If you do that, you're likely to slip into criticism (it won't work because "x") or run down a rat-hole of details.

Humor

There's no real rule on this, but I've found that humor can go two ways. It can take you far off base, especially if you have a clown in the group whose main objective is to get attention. However, anything that' s really funny typically has some germ of truth or relevance to it.

Humor can also be a way for someone to deftly float an idea that he's really serious about, but camouflaged as a joke to reduce risk. In either case, let the laughs happen, but look for the relevance to the comment. I've often found that the really good ideas come just after the really crazy ideas.

Build on other ideas

That's one of the most effective aspects of brainstorming. It's a group free-association. This is especially important when building upon those crazy ideas that were perhaps offered as a joke!

Other tips for facilitation

  • It can be useful to offer supportive comments to encourage people to speak up. Just saying "good" when someone comes up with an idea. can help. But there's a trap to this: if you say "gee that's a great idea" in response to the ideas that you favor, the group will quickly determine the "right" answers - especially if the facilitator is a manager or outsider with some authority. We all got really good in school at knowing what the teacher wanted to hear, right? This will crimp the flow of creativity.
  • Knowing when to end: when the ideas slow to a trickle (assuming they got flowing in the first place) then start evaluating and using what you have.
  • However, if you have a regularly scheduled brainstorming meeting, for example to generate ideas for projects or stories, you may want to just set a time limit so that people won't stop coming because "it always takes too long." Having food at the meeting helps too! [thanks to Lynn Kalber, Palm Beach Post, for this tip]
  • Sticky notes: I like to give each person a pad of Post-IT(R) type notes and a marker. Each idea is written on a single note. This allows us to post them on the wall and then move them around later. I like to use affinity diagramming to process the ideas into subtopics and that involves moving the notes around.
  • You may find that having a scribe record the ideas works better. If you do have one person record the ideas, make sure that person confirms the wording with the person who had the idea. The advantage of using a "scribe" is that the ideas can all be captured without later transcription. The disadvantage is that only one idea is written at time, while a bunch of ideas may be forgotten.

Copyright © 2004 Summit Media Partners, LLC